鎢極氬弧焊接不銹鋼管設備主要(yao)有以下(xia)幾種
①. 鎢極氬(ya)弧焊機
鎢(wu)極氬弧(hu)焊(han)的電源必須具有陡(dou)降(jiang)或垂直(zhi)陡(dou)降(jiang)外(wai)特性,國內幾(ji)種專(zhuan)用的鎢(wu)極氬弧(hu)焊(han)機的型號見(jian)表(biao)4-25。此(ci)外(wai),焊(han)接非重要件,可用焊(han)條(tiao)電弧(hu)焊(han)的弧(hu)焊(han)發電機或弧(hu)焊(han)整流器(qi)作弧(hu)焊(han)電源,配(pei)以專(zhuan)用焊(han)槍,也可實現(xian)手工鎢(wu)極氬弧(hu)焊(han)。
專(zhuan)用(yong)焊(han)機應具有下列(lie)功(gong)能:焊(han)前(qian)提前(qian)1.5~4.0s輸(shu)送保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)氣(qi)體,以(yi)驅趕輸(shu)氣(qi)管(guan)內和(he)焊(han)接區(qu)間(jian)的空氣(qi),防止(zhi)產生(sheng)氣(qi)孔;焊(han)后延遲(chi)5~15s停(ting)止(zhi)輸(shu)送保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)氣(qi)體,以(yi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)證尚未冷卻的鎢(wu)極(ji)(ji)和(he)熔(rong)池能在保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)氣(qi)氛(fen)下冷卻,防止(zhi)氧(yang)化(hua)和(he)產生(sheng)氣(qi)孔;自動接通和(he)切(qie)斷保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)氣(qi)源(yuan)及引弧(hu)(hu)、穩(wen)弧(hu)(hu)的電路,防止(zhi)接觸引弧(hu)(hu)燒損(sun)鎢(wu)極(ji)(ji)和(he)接頭產生(sheng)夾鎢(wu)缺陷;控制電源(yuan)的通斷;焊(han)接結束前(qian)電流能自動衰(shuai)減(jian),以(yi)消除弧(hu)(hu)坑(keng)(keng)和(he)防止(zhi)弧(hu)(hu)坑(keng)(keng)開裂。
②. 鎢極氬弧(hu)焊焊槍(arc welding gun)
鎢(wu)極(ji)氬弧焊(han)焊(han)槍(qiang)由噴嘴(zui)、鎢(wu)極(ji)夾持裝置、導線、氣(qi)水輸(shu)送膠管(guan)、啟動開(kai)關等(deng)零部件組成(cheng)(結構詳見圖4-31)。根據適(shi)用(yong)的焊(han)接電(dian)流大小,焊(han)槍(qiang)分水冷式(shi)和氣(qi)冷式(shi)兩類。常用(yong)水冷卻(que)式(shi)焊(han)槍(qiang)型號有QS-75°/400A、QS-75/500A等(deng),可匹(pi)(pi)配在(zai)大功(gong)率氬弧焊(han)機(ji)(ji)上;氣(qi)冷卻(que)式(shi)的焊(han)槍(qiang)型號有QQ-85/100A、QQ-85/200A等(deng)·可匹(pi)(pi)配在(zai)小功(gong)率氬弧焊(han)機(ji)(ji)上。
③. 氣體保護裝置
氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)保護裝置(zhi)有(you)氬(ya)(ya)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)瓶(ping)、減(jian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)和(he)流(liu)(liu)量(liang)計。氬(ya)(ya)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)瓶(ping)是儲存(cun)氬(ya)(ya)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)力容器(qi)(qi),使用(yong)(yong)(yong)時(shi)應注意安全規(gui)則。按(an) GB 7144-1999《氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)瓶(ping)顏(yan)色(se)標志》的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding),氬(ya)(ya)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)瓶(ping)應為銀灰色(se),并標有(you)“氬(ya)(ya)”(字的(de)(de)(de)顏(yan)色(se)為深綠色(se))字樣。使用(yong)(yong)(yong)中應注意瓶(ping)內氬(ya)(ya)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)不得用(yong)(yong)(yong)盡,應保留0.5MPa的(de)(de)(de)余氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),以防止空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)混入而造成氬(ya)(ya)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)不純。減(jian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)可用(yong)(yong)(yong)普通(tong)(tong)氧氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)減(jian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)QD-3A 和(he)QD-2A代用(yong)(yong)(yong)。流(liu)(liu)量(liang)計是標定(ding)通(tong)(tong)入氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)流(liu)(liu)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)裝置(zhi),保證(zheng)氬(ya)(ya)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)在(zai)焊接過程中按(an)給定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)數量(liang)輸送(song)。常用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)LZB型玻璃轉子流(liu)(liu)量(liang)計或醫用(yong)(yong)(yong)流(liu)(liu)量(liang)計均可。但應注意流(liu)(liu)量(liang)計的(de)(de)(de)示值(zhi)受氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)密度的(de)(de)(de)影響。使用(yong)(yong)(yong)非氬(ya)(ya)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)專用(yong)(yong)(yong)流(liu)(liu)量(liang)計時(shi),表中的(de)(de)(de)示值(zhi)并非氬(ya)(ya)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)真實流(liu)(liu)量(liang)。現在(zai)已有(you)氬(ya)(ya)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)減(jian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)和(he)流(liu)(liu)量(liang)計結合一體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)儀器(qi)(qi),如YQAR-195,以及CO2減(jian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)和(he)流(liu)(liu)量(liang)計一體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)YQT-195。