工業管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)，是由(you)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)成(cheng)件(jian)(jian)(jian)、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)支(zhi)吊架等組(zu)(zu)(zu)成(cheng)，用以(yi)輸送、分配、混合(he)、分離、排放、計量或(huo)控制流體流動。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)成(cheng)件(jian)(jian)(jian)用于(yu)連接或(huo)裝配成(cheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)的(de)元件(jian)(jian)(jian)，包括(kuo)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)（PiPipe)e）、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)、法蘭、墊(dian)片、緊(jin)固件(jian)(jian)(jian)、閥門以(yi)及管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)特殊(shu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)等。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)特殊(shu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)指非(fei)普通標準組(zu)(zu)(zu)成(cheng)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，系(xi)按(an)工程(cheng)設計條件(jian)(jian)(jian)特殊(shu)制造的(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)成(cheng)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，包括(kuo)膨脹節、補償器(qi)、特殊(shu)閥門、爆(bao)炸片、阻火器(qi)、過濾器(qi)、撓性(xing)接頭及軟管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)等。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)支(zhi)吊架，用于(yu)支(zhi)承管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)或(huo)約束管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)位移的(de)各種(zhong)結構的(de)總稱，但不(bu)包括(kuo)土建結構。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)只是管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)的(de)一部分，當管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)與管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)、閥門和其他(ta)機械(xie)設備連接，并由(you)支(zhi)吊架支(zhi)承時，才被稱為管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)。

  工業管(guan)(guan)道(dao)器材(cai)是(shi)整個(ge)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)設計過程的基礎部(bu)分(fen)，它直接(jie)影響到(dao)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)系統乃至整個(ge)工業裝(zhuang)置的安(an)全性、可靠性和經濟(ji)性。工業管(guan)(guan)道(dao)器材(cai)在石(shi)油、化(hua)(hua)工、石(shi)油化(hua)(hua)工、電(dian)力、輕紡、船舶、制藥等工業部(bu)門的管(guan)(guan)道(dao)裝(zhuang)置中(zhong)所(suo)占(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)(bi)例很大。在石(shi)油化(hua)(hua)工生產裝(zhuang)置中(zhong)，管(guan)(guan)道(dao)材(cai)料中(zhong)各主要項(xiang)目費用所(suo)占(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)(bi)例如圖16.1所(suo)示。

工(gong)業管道常(chang)用材料分類見表(biao)16.2。