2004年以后歐(ou)盟統一頒布的EN10216-5《壓力(li)應用無縫不銹鋼管》、EN10297-7《機械結構用無縫不銹鋼管》、EN10217-7《壓力應用焊接不銹鋼管》及EN10296-2《機械結構用焊接不銹鋼管》4個不銹鋼管標準中，外觀質量一節有幾乎完全相同的條款：

一、鋼管內外表(biao)面不得存(cun)在可目測到的(de)缺陷。

二、鋼管(guan)內外表面必須采用(yong)規定(ding)的制造方(fang)法精整(zheng)，包括(kuo)經過適(shi)當(dang)的熱(re)處理。通(tong)常這種精整(zheng)所有表面瑕疵均已作了一(yi)致性(xing)的表面修整(zheng)。

三(san)、只能采用磨或刮削方法進行表面瑕疵(ci)修(xiu)整(zheng)(zheng)，修(xiu)整(zheng)(zheng)后修(xiu)整(zheng)(zheng)部(bu)位壁(bi)厚(hou)不得小(xiao)于最(zui)小(xiao)規定值，所有(you)修(xiu)整(zheng)(zheng)部(bu)位應(ying)光順地過渡到鋼管的輪廓。

四、侵害到所(suo)規定最小壁厚(hou)的(de)表(biao)面瑕疵必(bi)須判為(wei)缺陷(xian)，包含(han)此類缺陷(xian)的(de)鋼管必(bi)須判定為(wei)不符合(he)標準。

五、僅在購方同意(yi)(yi)時才(cai)能允許對(dui)焊(han)(han)(han)縫進行修補(bu)，修補(bu)應(ying)在熱(re)處理前進行并經NDT。修補(bu)焊(han)(han)(han)縫可添加或(huo)不(bu)添加填充(chong)焊(han)(han)(han)絲，但(dan)添加焊(han)(han)(han)絲僅適用于OD≥168.3mm的(de)焊(han)(han)(han)管。修補(bu)長度不(bu)得超過焊(han)(han)(han)縫總長度的(de)20%，并必(bi)須按所編制的(de)焊(han)(han)(han)接工藝評定規范進行操作(zuo)。此條款僅為焊(han)(han)(han)管標準所列。值得指出(chu)的(de)是，筆者注意(yi)(yi)到：

    ①上(shang)述第(di)（4）或(huo)第(di)（5）條(tiao)幾乎(hu)是歐盟(meng)所(suo)有其他鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)標準，其中包括EN10216-1《室(shi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)無縫(feng)(feng)(feng)非(fei)(fei)合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)》、EN10216-2《高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)無縫(feng)(feng)(feng)非(fei)(fei)合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)及合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)》、EN10216-3《壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)細(xi)晶粒無縫(feng)(feng)(feng)合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)》、EN10216-4《低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)非(fei)(fei)合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)及合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)無縫(feng)(feng)(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)》，EN10217-1《室(shi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)焊(han)(han)接(jie)非(fei)(fei)合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)》、EN10217-2《高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)焊(han)(han)接(jie)非(fei)(fei)合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)及合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)》、EN10217-3《壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)焊(han)(han)接(jie)細(xi)晶粒合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)》、EN10217-4《低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)非(fei)(fei)合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)電阻焊(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)》、EN10217-5《高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)SAW非(fei)(fei)合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)及合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)焊(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)》、EN10217-6《低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)SAW非(fei)(fei)合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)》，EN10296-1《機(ji)械(xie)結(jie)構用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)非(fei)(fei)合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)及合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)焊(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)》，EN10297-1《機(ji)械(xie)結(jie)構用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)非(fei)(fei)合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)及合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)無縫(feng)(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)》，EN10305-1《精(jing)(jing)密(mi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)力(li)(li)無縫(feng)(feng)(feng)冷(leng)(leng)拔(ba)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)》、EN10305-2《精(jing)(jing)密(mi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)力(li)(li)冷(leng)(leng)拔(ba)焊(han)(han)接(jie)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)》、EN10305-3《精(jing)(jing)密(mi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)力(li)(li)冷(leng)(leng)定徑焊(han)(han)接(jie)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)》、EN10305-4《氣和液壓(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)統用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)無縫(feng)(feng)(feng)冷(leng)(leng)拔(ba)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)》、EN10305-5《冷(leng)(leng)精(jing)(jing)整(zheng)方或(huo)矩形焊(han)(han)接(jie)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)》、EN10305-6《氣和液壓(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)統用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)冷(leng)(leng)拔(ba)焊(han)(han)接(jie)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)》所(suo)有壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、結(jie)構或(huo)機(ji)械(xie)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、精(jing)(jing)密(mi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)無縫(feng)(feng)(feng)或(huo)焊(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)標準所(suo)共有的(de)。

②唯(wei)一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)區(qu)別(bie)(bie)是幾乎所(suo)有(you)(you)所(suo)列的(de)(de)(de)非合(he)金鋼管(guan)(guan)或非不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼的(de)(de)(de)其(qi)他(ta)(ta)合(he)金鋼管(guan)(guan)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)中（除(chu)EN10305-1～6、EN10216-1、和EN10217-1外）大都還(huan)附加(jia)“有(you)(you)深(shen)度大于5%t或3mm（兩者較小(xiao)值）的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)連續性(xing)必須作(zuo)修整，但深(shen)度≤0.3mm的(de)(de)(de)瑕疵則(ze)不(bu)(bu)必作(zuo)修整”的(de)(de)(de)文字，而(er)(er)在所(suo)有(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼管(guan)(guan)（及(ji)精密應用(yong)鋼管(guan)(guan)）標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)中，是沒有(you)(you)這些文字的(de)(de)(de)。顯(xian)然(ran)這是從保障(zhang)不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼的(de)(de)(de)耐局(ju)部腐(fu)蝕性(xing)出發制定的(de)(de)(de)十(shi)分必要的(de)(de)(de)合(he)理要求。除(chu)不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼管(guan)(guan)以(yi)外，其(qi)他(ta)(ta)所(suo)有(you)(you)非合(he)金鋼管(guan)(guan)均不(bu)(bu)具備抗腐(fu)蝕和局(ju)部腐(fu)蝕性(xing)，因而(er)(er)也就可(ke)允(yun)許表面存在0.3mm甚至更深(shen)的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)連續性(xing)存在，可(ke)見這是一(yi)條(tiao)十(shi)分重要的(de)(de)(de)原則(ze)區(qu)別(bie)(bie)。

③EN10312：2003，即薄壁（t=0.6～3mm）水輸送用(yong)標(biao)準(zhun)的外觀質量一節中只(zhi)包(bao)含上(shang)述第(di)(di)（1）、第(di)(di)（4）和第(di)(di)（5）條(tiao)(tiao)款(kuan)，另(ling)有“焊(han)接(jie)(jie)條(tiao)(tiao)件應嚴加控制(zhi)以(yi)(yi)使焊(han)縫熱(re)色差最小而保證(zheng)耐蝕(shi)性不(bu)致(zhi)降低”的敘述。說明該標(biao)準(zhun)所指(zhi)薄壁不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼焊(han)管(guan)只(zhi)要(yao)(yao)嚴格控制(zhi)焊(han)接(jie)(jie)參數就可以(yi)(yi)保證(zheng)耐蝕(shi)性所要(yao)(yao)求的表面質量基本要(yao)(yao)求而無需(xu)另(ling)作精(jing)整。

④焊接不銹鋼管只要(yao)經過(guo)冷拔或(huo)冷定徑(jing)/精(jing)整都可以達到(dao)精(jing)密應(ying)用要(yao)求，其中包括方形及矩(ju)形焊管。