本次GB/T 4334標準的修訂，將標準名稱變更為《金屬和合金的腐蝕 奧氏體及雙相(鐵素體-奧氏體)不銹鋼晶間腐蝕試驗方法》，通過名稱明確了上述體系中各標準的適用范圍，便于使用和實施。同時，廢除了方法D—不銹鋼硝酸-氫氟酸腐蝕試驗方法，增加了方法F—銅-硫酸銅-35%硫酸腐蝕試驗方法和方法G—40%硫酸-硫酸鐵腐蝕試驗方法，修改了敏化制度和彎曲實驗參數等技術指標。通過本次修訂，提高了不銹鋼晶間腐(fu)蝕試驗方法標準的科學性、經濟性和實用性，有助于指導和規范高鉻鉬奧氏體(ti)不銹鋼及雙(shuang)相不銹鋼生產和驗收，有助于提高我國不銹(xiu)鋼產品的技術性能、安全可靠性及環保性能。 前不久，由冶金工業信息標準研究院組織的GB/T 4334《金屬和合金的腐蝕不銹鋼晶間腐蝕試驗方法》等兩項國家標準和一項國家標準外文版審定會在江蘇無錫順利召開。經過兩輪會議評審的GB/T 4334確定了最終的送審稿。私作為該分技術委員會的委員，全程參與了該標準的修訂過程，下面就為各位提前“劇透”下更新版的主要修改內容。“劇透”的主要目的是為了向小伙伴們闡明專家組對于各修訂之處的原因和意圖，便于大家更好地理解更新版標準的改動之處。預計更新版標準將于2020年正式發布實施，希望屆時都能夠更好地執行。
1. 淘汰落后的硝酸(suan)-氫氟酸(suan)法(fa)
我(wo)國(guo)GB/T 4334-2008中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)D法(fa)——不(bu)(bu)銹鋼硝酸(suan)(suan)(suan)-氫氟(fu)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)試(shi)驗法(fa)最早于(yu)1984年(nian)修改(gai)采用自(zi)日本(ben)的(de)(de)JIS G 0574-1980。美國(guo)ASTM A262的(de)(de)早期版本(ben)中(zhong)(zhong)也包含了(le)硝酸(suan)(suan)(suan)-氫氟(fu)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)法(fa)，但(dan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)1993年(nian)以后(hou)的(de)(de)版本(ben)中(zhong)(zhong)此(ci)法(fa)遭到淘汰，隨后(hou)日本(ben)也廢除了(le)JIS G 0574，因(yin)此(ci)當前其他各國(guo)標準中(zhong)(zhong)均無此(ci)方(fang)法(fa)。硝酸(suan)(suan)(suan)-氫氟(fu)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)法(fa)具有如下特點：不(bu)(bu)銹鋼在(zai)(zai)(zai)此(ci)試(shi)驗溶液中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕電位處在(zai)(zai)(zai)活(huo)化-鈍化區，因(yin)此(ci)會伴有嚴(yan)重的(de)(de)全(quan)面腐(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕。所以，試(shi)樣必須采用參照試(shi)樣，借助腐(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕速率比值(zhi)的(de)(de)評(ping)定方(fang)法(fa)來(lai)篩除全(quan)面腐(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕的(de)(de)干擾影響。此(ci)外，試(shi)驗時的(de)(de)溫度為(wei)70°C而不(bu)(bu)采用沸(fei)騰，控制相對不(bu)(bu)便(bian)；試(shi)驗溶液含有劇毒的(de)(de)氫氟(fu)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)，不(bu)(bu)能使(shi)用常規的(de)(de)玻璃容器，而需采用耐硝酸(suan)(suan)(suan)和(he)氫氟(fu)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕的(de)(de)特制塑料容器，這(zhe)些因(yin)素都(dou)在(zai)(zai)(zai)一定程度上影響了(le)該(gai)(gai)方(fang)法(fa)，導致該(gai)(gai)方(fang)法(fa)幾乎從未被廣泛使(shi)用過。由(you)于(yu)硝酸(suan)(suan)(suan)-氫氟(fu)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)法(fa)的(de)(de)這(zhe)些特點，這(zhe)一方(fang)法(fa)在(zai)(zai)(zai)國(guo)標GB/T 4334-2008中(zhong)(zhong)名存實(shi)亡，因(yin)此(ci)更新(xin)版標準將該(gai)(gai)方(fang)法(fa)廢除。
2. 新(xin)增兩個實驗(yan)方(fang)法使適(shi)用范圍進一步擴大
GB/T 4334-2008修改采用自ISO 3651-1,3651-2。但是只保留了ISO 3651-1中的硝酸法和ISO 3651-2中A法——銅-硫酸銅-16%硫酸法。而對于ISO 3651-2中B 法——銅-硫酸銅-35%硫酸法則并未納入，此外，GB/T 4334-2008方法B名義上由ISO 3651-2中C法變更而來，實際相對于早期版本并無實質變化。GB/T 4334 的早期版本GB/T 4334.1~5-1980 和GB/T 4334.1~5-2000 最早非等效采用日本標準JIS G 0571~0575。而在1999年，日本對這幾個標準進行了較大的修改，由原先的ASTM體系逐漸向ISO體系靠攏。JIS G 0575-1999在原先銅-硫酸銅-16%硫酸法的基礎上，增加了銅-硫酸銅-35%硫酸法，JIS G 0572-2006將原來與ASTM A262中B法等同的50%硫酸-硫酸鐵法變更成與ISO等效的40%硫酸-硫酸鐵法。這兩項變化使日本晶間腐蝕標準的適用范圍得到了較大的擴展，即適用范圍由僅適用于奧氏體不銹鋼進一步擴大到了雙相不銹鋼。但我國標準從2000版到2008 版內容卻無實質變化。根據GB/T 4334-2008的前言所述，與相應ISO標準相比，本標準方法C的適用范圍不包括雙相不銹鋼；方法B適用范圍不包括鐵素體不銹鋼。但實際上，在GB/T 4334-2008正文的第一章“范圍”中，方法A、B、C和D所明確指定的適用范圍都僅局限于奧氏體不銹鋼。在GB/T 4334-2008中，僅方法E明確指出“適用于奧氏體、奧氏體-鐵素體不銹鋼…”。這種情況下，對于雙相不銹鋼的晶間腐蝕試樣方法選擇范圍過于單一。此外，GB/T 4334-2008在方法A中列出了一些不銹鋼牌號所適用的晶間腐蝕試驗方法，這些牌號都是Cr含量全部低于20%的300系不銹鋼。對于Cr、Mo含量更高的奧氏體不銹鋼以及雙相不銹鋼都沒有相應的說明，這在我國超級不銹鋼發展日益成熟的今天顯然有些過時。硫酸-硫酸銅法中決定其腐蝕性的主要是硫酸濃度，對于用在不太惡劣環境下的300系不銹鋼，如304不銹鋼、316不銹鋼等，16%的硫酸-硫酸銅法已被廣泛證明是合適的。但是，對用于更惡劣環境下的高鉻、鉬不銹鋼，采用16%的硫酸-硫酸銅法檢驗晶間腐蝕的結果往往與工程實際不符合。此時，一般應選用更高濃度的硫酸。美、日、俄及ISO標準中都包含了更高濃度的硫酸-硫酸銅法，鑒于我國超級不銹鋼使用的日益廣泛，將更高濃度的硫酸法納入標準已顯得非常迫切。 當前，由于我國標準體系在高鉻鉬含量不銹鋼及雙相不銹鋼晶間腐蝕試驗方法方面的不夠完善，導致國內部分不銹鋼產品在晶間腐蝕檢驗時面臨無相關國家標準可依的窘境，而只能選用國際標準。例如，針對雙相不銹鋼的晶間腐蝕檢驗，GB/T 21433-2008《不銹鋼壓力容器晶間腐蝕敏感性檢驗》就不得不引用了ISO 3651-(1~2)。 鑒于近年來不銹鋼產業在我國的迅猛發展，將適用于高鉻鉬含量奧氏體不銹鋼及雙相不銹鋼的晶間腐蝕試驗方法納入不銹鋼的晶間腐蝕試驗標準顯得日益迫切。結合國外標準及我國對晶間腐蝕試驗方法的使用情況，本次標準的修訂將在GB/T 4334-2008的基礎上增加銅-硫酸銅-35%硫酸法及40%硫酸-硫酸鐵法。
3. 對取(qu)樣和制備(bei)、試驗報(bao)告進(jin)行(xing)了部分調整
GB/T 31935-2015及(ji)GB/T 32571-2016內(nei)容中關于“取(qu)(qu)樣(yang)(yang)和(he)(he)制(zhi)備”及(ji)“試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)報(bao)告”部分參考(kao)了(le)(le)GB/T 4334-2008標準(zhun)，并同(tong)時進行了(le)(le)很(hen)好的(de)改進，體現了(le)(le)“先(xian)進性、科學性和(he)(he)合理性”；本次GB/T 4334的(de)修訂(ding)在(zai)“取(qu)(qu)樣(yang)(yang)和(he)(he)制(zhi)備”及(ji)“試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)報(bao)告”部分與上述兩(liang)標準(zhun)進行了(le)(le)適當(dang)的(de)等同(tong)，既(ji)保證了(le)(le)本標準(zhun)的(de)先(xian)進性，同(tong)時又使(shi)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)類型不(bu)(bu)銹鋼的(de)晶間腐蝕試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)取(qu)(qu)樣(yang)(yang)標準(zhun)得到(dao)了(le)(le)統一(yi)。此外，對于彎曲法的(de)取(qu)(qu)樣(yang)(yang)根據GB/T 4338-2008標準(zhun)在(zai)實際使(shi)用過程中遇到(dao)的(de)問題以及(ji)多方意(yi)見增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)了(le)(le)附注(zhu)，即(ji)“對于較厚(hou)的(de)試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)，若無(wu)法彎曲兩(liang)個被(bei)檢驗(yan)(yan)(yan)面，則可(ke)取(qu)(qu)兩(liang)組各(ge)兩(liang)個試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)。取(qu)(qu)樣(yang)(yang)時標記出各(ge)試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)相同(tong)的(de)某一(yi)樣(yang)(yang)面。試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)后，兩(liang)組試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)分別彎曲被(bei)標記面和(he)(he)未標記面”，增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)了(le)(le)標準(zhun)的(de)實用性和(he)(he)可(ke)操作性。
4. 對(dui)敏化制(zhi)度進行了部分調(diao)整
早期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)晶(jing)(jing)間腐蝕試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)主要(yao)為(wei)美(mei)、俄兩個(ge)體系標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，其(qi)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)時間在當(dang)時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)均為(wei) 2h，20世紀70年代后(hou)均改(gai)為(wei)1h，說明(ming)(ming)2h偏長(chang)。根(gen)據合肥通用(yong)(yong)機械研(yan)究院的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)量(liang)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)分析(xi)，8mm左右(you)厚度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)18-8鋼(gang)(gang)板(ban)，正常焊條(tiao)電弧焊試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)晶(jing)(jing)間腐蝕敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)程(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)大(da)約不超(chao)過鋼(gang)(gang)板(ban)試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)經650°C敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)15min的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)晶(jing)(jing)間腐蝕敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)程(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)。所以(yi)(yi)一般認(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)GB/T 4334-2008標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)要(yao)求(qiu)650°C保(bao)溫(wen)兩小時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)是相對(dui)(dui)(dui)較嚴苛的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，該(gai)參數最(zui)早也源自日(ri)(ri)本JIS G 0571~0575-1980。但(dan)日(ri)(ri)標(biao)在1999年的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)修訂版(ban)中就(jiu)將(jiang)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)與ISO進行了(le)(le)等同，從(cong)(cong)而(er)將(jiang)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)時間大(da)大(da)縮短了(le)(le)。GB/T 4334.2-2000、GB/T 4334.3-2000、GB/T 4334.4-2000對(dui)(dui)(dui)低碳(tan)(tan)和(he)穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)奧氏體不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)作(zuo)出規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)后(hou)，都(dou)另外說明(ming)(ming)“根(gen)據雙(shuang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)協(xie)議，也可以(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)其(qi)他(ta)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)處(chu)理(li)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)”，而(er)在GB/T 4334.1-2000和(he)GB/T 4334.5-2000中，卻(que)沒(mei)有關于(yu)協(xie)商(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條(tiao)款(kuan)。到(dao)了(le)(le)GB/T 4334-2008版(ban)中，則把所有方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)統一規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)為(wei)“對(dui)(dui)(dui)超(chao)低碳(tan)(tan)鋼(gang)(gang)（碳(tan)(tan)含(han)量(liang)不大(da)于(yu)0.03%）和(he)穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)鋼(gang)(gang)種（添(tian)加(jia)鈦或鈮(ni)），敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)處(chu)理(li)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)為(wei)650℃，壓力加(jia)工試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)保(bao)溫(wen)2h，鑄件保(bao)溫(wen)1 h，空冷(leng)。”而(er)無供(gong)(gong)需(xu)(xu)(xu)雙(shuang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)協(xie)商(shang)條(tiao)款(kuan)。對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)這(zhe)一規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)，從(cong)(cong)各工業企業反饋的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意見來(lai)(lai)看，普遍認(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)這(zhe)一規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)限定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)過于(yu)死板(ban)，導致試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)沒(mei)有任何調(diao)整空間。而(er)實際上(shang)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)不同牌號、不同合金含(han)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)，其(qi)第二相析(xi)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)感溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)是有差異(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，將(jiang)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)限定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)在一個(ge)固定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)顯(xian)然不夠合理(li)，美(mei)國(guo)ASTM A262標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)范(fan)圍為(wei)650~675°C，同時也允許(xu)供(gong)(gong)需(xu)(xu)(xu)雙(shuang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)協(xie)商(shang)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時間及隨后(hou)冷(leng)卻(que)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式，ISO及日(ri)(ri)本JIS標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)對(dui)(dui)(dui)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)也提(ti)供(gong)(gong)了(le)(le)不同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)擇(ze)。可以(yi)(yi)說，將(jiang)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)嚴格(ge)限定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)在一個(ge)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)明(ming)(ming)顯(xian)地違背了(le)(le)科學性(xing)原則。 可以(yi)(yi)看到(dao)： (1) ASTM A262僅強制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)要(yao)求(qiu)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)為(wei)650~675°C，對(dui)(dui)(dui)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)時間和(he)冷(leng)卻(que)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式不作(zuo)強制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)要(yao)求(qiu)，但(dan)是推(tui)薦(jian)了(le)(le)一種常用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，即 675°C，保(bao)溫(wen)1h； (2) ISO 3651-2提(ti)供(gong)(gong)了(le)(le)兩種供(gong)(gong)選(xuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)、時間及冷(leng)卻(que)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式均做出了(le)(le)明(ming)(ming)確(que)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)； (3) JIS G 0575推(tui)薦(jian)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)ISO 3651-2的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，但(dan)特別說明(ming)(ming)“經供(gong)(gong)需(xu)(xu)(xu)雙(shuang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)協(xie)商(shang)，可以(yi)(yi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)其(qi)他(ta)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)”； (4) GB/T 4334-2008強制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)要(yao)求(qiu)執行一種敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，即“650°C，壓力加(jia)試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)保(bao)溫(wen)2h，鑄件保(bao)溫(wen)1h，空冷(leng)”。 此(ci)外，美(mei)國(guo)ASTM A262在銅-硫酸(suan)銅-16%硫酸(suan)法(fa)中，特別說明(ming)(ming)除非需(xu)(xu)(xu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)特別聲(sheng)明(ming)(ming)，否則可以(yi)(yi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)ISO 3651-2中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)A法(fa)替代本法(fa)，同時使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)ISO標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)提(ti)供(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，這(zhe)表明(ming)(ming) ASTM標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)對(dui)(dui)(dui)ISO標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)也是認(ren)(ren)(ren)可的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。因(yin)此(ci)，針對(dui)(dui)(dui)晶(jing)(jing)間腐蝕試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)處(chu)理(li)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)更新(xin)版(ban)不再作(zuo)強制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)要(yao)求(qiu)，考慮到(dao)國(guo)內長(chang)期以(yi)(yi)來(lai)(lai)一些設(she)計選(xuan)材對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)連續性(xing)要(yao)求(qiu)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)奧氏體不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)維持(chi)推(tui)薦(jian)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)GB/T 4334-2008版(ban)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)；對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)雙(shuang)相不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)，已(yi)有大(da)量(liang)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)和(he)研(yan)究表明(ming)(ming)，使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)GB/T 4334-2008版(ban)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)往往造成試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)過程(cheng)中試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)非晶(jing)(jing)間腐蝕開裂，從(cong)(cong)而(er)增加(jia)大(da)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鑒(jian)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)工作(zuo)量(liang)，因(yin)此(ci)我們推(tui)薦(jian)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)范(fan)圍更加(jia)廣泛的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)ISO3651-2的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)。對(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)其(qi)他(ta)不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)，則規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)“試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)是否需(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)處(chu)理(li)和(he)采(cai)(cai)取何種敏(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)處(chu)理(li)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，由產品標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)或供(gong)(gong)需(xu)(xu)(xu)雙(shuang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)協(xie)商(shang)確(que)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)”。
5. 對65%硝酸(suan)法所用硝酸(suan)濃度添(tian)加注(zhu)釋說明
此前研究表(biao)明(ming)，硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)濃(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)(du)對(dui)試(shi)驗(yan)結果影響較大。對(dui)于(yu)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)制，老版(ban)(ban)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)有專(zhuan)門說(shuo)明(ming)。如果按(an)要求配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)制65%±0.2%確(que)實比較困難(nan)，需要通(tong)過滴定(ding)(ding)來配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)制，對(dui)于(yu)企(qi)業來說(shuo)存(cun)在(zai)困難(nan)。更新(xin)版(ban)(ban)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)將(jiang)在(zai)文末添(tian)加“（ρ20=1.40g/mL）”以表(biao)示可以采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)比重法(fa)間接測(ce)定(ding)(ding)所(suo)(suo)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)濃(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)(du)是否符(fu)合要求。 此外，從該方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)制過程(cheng)反饋的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況看(kan)，有些企(qi)業和單位會參照美(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)ASTM A262中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)制方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)（比率(lv)為(wei)每升(sheng)濃(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)添(tian)加108mL水(shui)）配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)制。但這在(zai)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)情(qing)下是不可取(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。美(mei)標(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)制方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)本身沒有問題，問題在(zai)于(yu)所(suo)(suo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)濃(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濃(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)(du)并不相(xiang)同。國(guo)(guo)(guo)際標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)ISO和美(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)ASTM標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)中(zhong)對(dui)于(yu)濃(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濃(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)(du)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)是69%~71%;而(er)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)GB/T 626中(zhong)對(dui)于(yu)濃(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濃(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)(du)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)為(wei)65%~68%。即所(suo)(suo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濃(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)初始濃(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)(du)就不一致，如果使用(yong)(yong)(yong)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)生(sheng)產的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)符(fu)合GB/T 626的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濃(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)去按(an)照美(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)ASTM A626中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)制方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)濃(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)(du)將(jiang)明(ming)顯低于(yu)65%。遂(sui)在(zai)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)更新(xin)版(ban)(ban)中(zhong)添(tian)加一了段注釋：“本標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)所(suo)(suo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)（質量分(fen)數65%~68%），與(yu)美(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)ASTM A262所(suo)(suo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)（質量分(fen)數69%~71%）不同，不能采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)ASTM A262所(suo)(suo)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)制方(fang)(fang)(fang)式來配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)制本標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)65%硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)。”
6. 對彎曲法的參數進行(xing)了修改
GB/T 4334自(zi)從第一版(ban)以(yi)來(lai)，就有行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)專(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)認(ren)為(wei)(wei)其中銅(tong)-硫(liu)酸銅(tong)-16%硫(liu)酸法(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)參(can)(can)(can)(can)數相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)比(bi)國(guo)外(wai)過(guo)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)嚴苛，導致(zhi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)此(ci)參(can)(can)(can)(can)數的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)爭議一直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)(da)(da)(da)。GB/T 4334-2008對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)參(can)(can)(can)(can)數的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規定(ding)如下：“壓(ya)(ya)力加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)、焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)管和(he)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)件(jian)(jian)(jian)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)180°，焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)管舟形(xing)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)沿(yan)垂(chui)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)縫(feng)方(fang)向進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)，焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)沿(yan)熔(rong)合(he)線進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。鑄鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)件(jian)(jian)(jian)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)90°。試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)頭(tou)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)，當(dang)(dang)(dang)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)厚(hou)(hou)(hou)度(du)(du)(du)(du)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)1mm時(shi)(shi)，壓(ya)(ya)頭(tou)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)為(wei)(wei)1mm；當(dang)(dang)(dang)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)厚(hou)(hou)(hou)度(du)(du)(du)(du)大(da)(da)(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)1mm時(shi)(shi)，壓(ya)(ya)頭(tou)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)為(wei)(wei)5mm。”這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)一規定(ding)最(zui)早沿(yan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)自(zi)GB 4334.5-1990。當(dang)(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)識是(shi)壓(ya)(ya)頭(tou)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結果影響較(jiao)(jiao)小(xiao)，為(wei)(wei)了使用(yong)(yong)(yong)方(fang)便而(er)統一成兩個壓(ya)(ya)頭(tou)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)。 然而(er)，近年(nian)來(lai)無論是(shi)理論計算還(huan)是(shi)實(shi)際實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)都表明(ming)(ming)壓(ya)(ya)頭(tou)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結果有很大(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響。尤其是(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)較(jiao)(jiao)厚(hou)(hou)(hou)且本(ben)身塑性較(jiao)(jiao)差(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，采用(yong)(yong)(yong)5mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)頭(tou)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)會出現試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)由于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)冷(leng)塑性較(jiao)(jiao)差(cha)(cha)(cha)而(er)導致(zhi)開裂的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況，從而(er)增加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)了大(da)(da)(da)(da)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)檢(jian)測(ce)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作。例(li)如大(da)(da)(da)(da)量實(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)研究表明(ming)(ming)，焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)由于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)塑性本(ben)身較(jiao)(jiao)差(cha)(cha)(cha)，即使不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)經晶間腐蝕試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，許多(duo)(duo)材料(liao)稍厚(hou)(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)白(bai)(bai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)按(an)GB/T 4334-2008標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)到180°也會由于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)冷(leng)變(bian)形(xing)超(chao)過(guo)其塑性而(er)導致(zhi)開裂。對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)類低(di)塑性材料(liao)，ASTM標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)特(te)意聲(sheng)明(ming)(ming)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)須彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)180°，而(er)是(shi)通(tong)過(guo)未(wei)經試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)白(bai)(bai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)來(lai)獲得該材料(liao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)產(chan)生(sheng)冷(leng)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)裂紋(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)大(da)(da)(da)(da)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)，并(bing)(bing)以(yi)此(ci)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)作為(wei)(wei)晶間腐蝕試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)后(hou)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)來(lai)評定(ding)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)是(shi)否產(chan)生(sheng)晶間腐蝕開裂。ISO 3651-2對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)頭(tou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求為(wei)(wei)壓(ya)(ya)力加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)頭(tou)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)厚(hou)(hou)(hou)度(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩倍(bei)(bei)，鑄件(jian)(jian)(jian)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)頭(tou)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)厚(hou)(hou)(hou)度(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)4倍(bei)(bei)。對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求是(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)90°。 此(ci)外(wai)，我(wo)國(guo)鎳基合(he)金(jin)晶間腐蝕的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)GB/T 15260-2016對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)參(can)(can)(can)(can)數的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規定(ding)是(shi)，“壓(ya)(ya)頭(tou)半徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)等于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)厚(hou)(hou)(hou)度(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩倍(bei)(bei)，試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)180度(du)(du)(du)(du)”，與(yu)此(ci)同(tong)時(shi)(shi)，也特(te)別說(shuo)明(ming)(ming)“對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)韌(ren)性低(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材料(liao)，應通(tong)過(guo)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)一個與(yu)被試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)材質及形(xing)狀的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)白(bai)(bai)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)為(wei)(wei)決定(ding)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)發生(sheng)裂紋(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)大(da)(da)(da)(da)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)”，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)與(yu)ASTM A262是(shi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)似的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。有行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)專(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)認(ren)為(wei)(wei)，標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)先進(jin)(jin)性在(zai)(zai)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)科(ke)學性和(he)合(he)理性，而(er)并(bing)(bing)非嚴苛性。當(dang)(dang)(dang)前(qian)GB/T 4334-2008對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)參(can)(can)(can)(can)數的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求過(guo)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)嚴苛，導致(zhi)了使用(yong)(yong)(yong)該標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)中方(fang)法(fa)(fa)E往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)增加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)了很大(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)后(hou)期檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作量，方(fang)法(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)性也因此(ci)大(da)(da)(da)(da)大(da)(da)(da)(da)降低(di)，遠不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能滿足當(dang)(dang)(dang)前(qian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程實(shi)際的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需要(yao)(yao)。因此(ci)，結合(he)眾多(duo)(duo)專(zhuan)家(jia)(jia)意見及文獻(xian)，參(can)(can)(can)(can)考(kao)ASTM A262、ISO 3651-2以(yi)及我(wo)國(guo)GB/T 15260對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)法(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)參(can)(can)(can)(can)數進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)更改(gai)(gai)非常有必要(yao)(yao)。 本(ben)次彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)參(can)(can)(can)(can)數的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)改(gai)(gai)參(can)(can)(can)(can)照ISO標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)，經修(xiu)改(gai)(gai)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)參(can)(can)(can)(can)數為(wei)(wei)：“壓(ya)(ya)力加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)180°。鑄鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)件(jian)(jian)(jian)、焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)管和(he)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)件(jian)(jian)(jian)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)90°，焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)管舟形(xing)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)沿(yan)垂(chui)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)縫(feng)方(fang)向進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)，焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)沿(yan)熔(rong)合(he)線進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)低(di)韌(ren)性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材料(liao)，可用(yong)(yong)(yong)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)一個未(wei)經試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)確定(ding)其不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)發生(sheng)開裂的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)大(da)(da)(da)(da)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)，以(yi)此(ci)作為(wei)(wei)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)。”在(zai)(zai)GB/T 4334-2008版(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎上(shang)，保留(liu)了壓(ya)(ya)力加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)180°，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)管和(he)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)件(jian)(jian)(jian)規定(ding)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)由原來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)180°變(bian)為(wei)(wei)“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)90°”，主要(yao)(yao)是(shi)考(kao)慮到焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)件(jian)(jian)(jian)本(ben)身塑性較(jiao)(jiao)差(cha)(cha)(cha)，當(dang)(dang)(dang)前(qian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)上(shang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)也常采用(yong)(yong)(yong)90°彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)鑄件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)為(wei)(wei)90°變(bian)為(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)90°求兼容了此(ci)前(qian)版(ban)本(ben)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求。 此(ci)外(wai)，還(huan)針對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)低(di)塑性材料(liao)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)了特(te)別說(shuo)明(ming)(ming)。對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)壓(ya)(ya)頭(tou)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)，此(ci)次變(bian)更“對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)壓(ya)(ya)力加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)頭(tou)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)應不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)厚(hou)(hou)(hou)度(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)2倍(bei)(bei)；對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)鑄鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)件(jian)(jian)(jian)、焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)管和(he)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)頭(tou)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)應不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)厚(hou)(hou)(hou)度(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)4倍(bei)(bei)”，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)與(yu)ISO標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)等同(tong)。相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)ASTM標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優點在(zai)(zai)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)需要(yao)(yao)針對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)每個厚(hou)(hou)(hou)度(du)(du)(du)(du)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)頭(tou)。至于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)原來(lai)5mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)頭(tou)，在(zai)(zai)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)規定(ding)下對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)壓(ya)(ya)力加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)而(er)言(yan)適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)厚(hou)(hou)(hou)度(du)(du)(du)(du)大(da)(da)(da)(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)2.5mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)所(suo)有試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)鑄件(jian)(jian)(jian)、焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)件(jian)(jian)(jian)等低(di)塑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)則適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)厚(hou)(hou)(hou)度(du)(du)(du)(du)1.25mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)。
7. 對(dui)標準名稱(cheng)進行了(le)變更
近年來，由于鐵素體不銹鋼(gang)的晶間腐蝕標準GB/T 31935-2015《金屬和合金的腐蝕 低鉻鐵素體不銹鋼晶間腐蝕試驗方法》、GB/T 32571-2016《金屬和合金的腐蝕 高鉻鐵素體不銹鋼晶間腐蝕試驗方法》先后發布，對于鐵素體不銹鋼而言已經有了獨立的晶間腐蝕試驗標準體系，所以GB/T 4334-2008《金屬和合金的腐蝕 不銹鋼晶間腐蝕試驗方法》這一名稱已明顯不合適，本次修訂后，GB/T 4334的適用范圍將包括奧氏體不銹鋼以及雙相不銹鋼，遂將標準名稱改成“金屬和合金的腐蝕 奧氏體及雙相(鐵素體-奧氏體)不銹鋼晶間腐蝕試驗方法”。
