不(bu)銹鋼管立式穿(chuan)孔機具有各種不(bu)同(tong)的(de)結構，采用何種結構取決(jue)于其(qi)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)用途。
若用于(yu)實心坯料穿(chuan)孔(kong)的(de)穿(chuan)孔(kong)機，通常具有安(an)裝(zhuang)在同(tong)一導向裝(zhuang)置上(shang)的(de)兩(liang)個活動(dong)橫(heng)梁(liang)，其中一個橫(heng)梁(liang)安(an)裝(zhuang)有鐓(dui)粗(cu)(cu)坯料用的(de)鐓(dui)粗(cu)(cu)桿(gan)，也稱(cheng)為鐓(dui)粗(cu)(cu)梁(liang)；另一個活動(dong)橫(heng)梁(liang)上(shang)安(an)裝(zhuang)有穿(chuan)孔(kong)桿(gan)，即(ji)稱(cheng)穿(chuan)孔(kong)梁(liang)。兩(liang)個橫(heng)梁(liang)可以(yi)同(tong)時或者(zhe)單獨地(di)工(gong)作或移動(dong)。
若采(cai)用擴孔(kong)(kong)工(gong)藝時，沒有(you)鐓粗工(gong)序(xu)，則可以(yi)簡化穿孔(kong)(kong)機(ji)的結構，兩(liang)個動梁(liang)并為(wei)一個，僅作為(wei)擴孔(kong)(kong)頭在穿孔(kong)(kong)筒中的對中，即具(ju)有(you)短(duan)行(xing)程的附(fu)加動梁(liang)。
一般最為常用的不銹鋼管穿孔機用于分別完成穿孔和擴孔兩個工序。
穿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)按其結(jie)構(gou)形式(shi)可以分為三類：有(you)一個固(gu)定(ding)穿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)；有(you)一個移動穿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)和具(ju)有(you)多(duo)工位的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)旋轉(zhuan)或(huo)移動穿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)座的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)多(duo)穿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)形式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)。日本的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)神戶(hu)制鋼還安裝了有(you)3個穿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)多(duo)穿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)結(jie)構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)。
表8-23為穿孔(kong)機(ji)的(de)能(neng)力(li)與擠(ji)壓(ya)機(ji)能(neng)力(li)的(de)匹配情況，表8-24為國外部(bu)分(fen)立(li)式穿孔(kong)機(ji)的(de)主(zhu)要技(ji)術性能(neng)。
圖(tu)8-27所示為(wei)立式(shi)單筒固定式(shi)穿(chuan)孔(kong)機的結構示意圖(tu)，此種穿(chuan)孔(kong)機設備高度(du)高，裝出料(liao)間隙時間長(chang)，被(bei)認為(wei)是一種陳舊的結構。
近代也有采用4工位(wei)雙穿(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)移動式或旋轉式立式穿(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)機(ji)結構(gou)（圖8-28)。這種結構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)立式穿(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)機(ji)，采用2個(ge)穿(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)交替作業(ye)，裝出料和(he)穿(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)內(nei)襯(chen)的(de)(de)(de)清理都在穿(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)中心線(xian)之外進行(xing)。因此(ci)，不僅使穿(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)度降低(di)，同(tong)時降低(di)了(le)廠房設施的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)度，而且(qie)也提高(gao)了(le)設備的(de)(de)(de)使用效率。但是，隨(sui)之穿(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)快速和(he)精(jing)確定(ding)位(wei)及固定(ding)比較困難，搞(gao)得不好會影響穿(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)后(hou)空心坯壁厚的(de)(de)(de)精(jing)度。
雙穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)筒(tong)(tong)結(jie)構的穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)機(ji)，穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)筒(tong)(tong)具有4個工位，在這些(xie)工位上(shang)依次完(wan)成以下工序(xu)：把穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)坯(pi)料裝入穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)筒(tong)(tong)，進行坯(pi)料的鐓粗和穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)，從穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)筒(tong)(tong)中頂出空心坯(pi)，進行穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)筒(tong)(tong)內襯的清理。
美國(guo) Lone Star鋼廠55MN（5500t)臥式(shi)鋼管擠壓機相配套的(de)25MN(2500t)立(li)式(shi)穿孔機的(de)主要性能如(ru)下：
穿(chuan)孔機配(pei)置(zhi)有自動(dong)控(kong)制系統(tong)，可用于：（1)管坯的鐓粗和穿(chuan)孔；（2)帶(dai)預鉆孔和錐形輔助孔坯料的擴孔。
